knip-dead-code

Knip detects unused files, dependencies, exports, types, enum members, and class members in JS/TS projects per the Knip docs. Requires Node ≥ 20.19.0 (or Bun).

When to use

• After a feature deletion when "everything still compiles" but you suspect dead code.
• Periodic cleanup to remove unused npm dependencies (security + bundle-size win).
• Pre-merge gate to prevent new dead exports from accumulating.

Step 1 - Install

# Recommended: setup wizard (auto-detects framework)
npm init @knip/config

# Manual
npm install -D knip typescript @types/node

Add package.json script:

{
  "scripts": {
    "knip": "knip"
  }
}

Per the Knip docs.

Step 2 - Configure entry points

knip.json:

{
  "$schema": "https://unpkg.com/knip@5/schema.json",
  "entry": [
    "src/index.ts",
    "src/cli.ts",
    "scripts/**/*.ts"
  ],
  "project": ["src/**/*.{ts,tsx}"],
  "ignore": ["src/**/*.generated.ts"],
  "ignoreDependencies": [
    "@types/node"
  ],
  "ignoreExportsUsedInFile": true
}

Or knip.config.ts for typed config.

Entry vs project: entry = files Knip starts walking the import graph from. project = the universe of files it considers reachable. Anything in project not reached from entry is unused.

Step 3 - First run

npx knip

Exit code: 0 if clean, non-zero if unused items found. Shows:

Unused files (3)
Unused dependencies (2)
Unused exports (12)
Unused exported types (4)
Unused exported enum members (1)

Step 4 - Use framework plugins

For framework-aware scanning, enable plugins (auto-detected by npm init @knip/config):

{
  "next": {
    "entry": ["next.config.{js,ts,cjs,mjs}", "app/**/page.{js,ts,tsx}"]
  },
  "playwright": {
    "config": "playwright.config.ts",
    "entry": ["e2e/**/*.spec.ts"]
  }
}

Plugin list (Next.js, Remix, Astro, Vite, Storybook, Playwright, Jest, etc.) - see the Knip plugins page.

Step 5 - Limit output during cleanup

# Show only top 5 of each issue type - useful when first adopting
npx knip --max-show-issues 5

Per the Knip docs for overwhelming output.

Step 6 - CI gate

# GitHub Actions
- name: Knip dead-code check
  run: npx knip

Fails build on any new dead code. For brownfield rollout, baseline existing dead code first:

# Snapshot current findings; CI only fails on additions
npx knip --no-exit-code > knip-baseline.txt

Step 7 - Per-issue triage

Reported as	True positive?	Action
Unused file	Usually yes	Delete
Unused dependency	Usually yes	npm uninstall
Unused export	Sometimes (public API)	Mark with JSDoc @public + tags: ["public"] config
Unused enum member	Usually yes	Delete
Unused class member	Sometimes (public API)	Same as unused export

Anti-patterns

Anti-pattern	Why it fails	Fix
Run without entry points	Everything looks orphaned	Always set entry (Step 2)
Treat "unused export" as "delete now"	Public library APIs flag as unused	Use tags: ["public"] for library packages
Skip framework plugins	Next.js page files look orphaned (Knip doesn't know they're routes)	Enable plugin (Step 4)
Block PRs from day 1 in brownfield	Hundreds of pre-existing unused; team disables tool	Baseline first (Step 6 alt path)
Auto-fix mode on first run	--fix deletes legitimate unused public exports	Manual review first; --fix after baseline clean

Limitations

• Dynamic imports with computed paths (import(\./${name}`)) cannot be statically tracked; Knip flags dependencies as unused even though they load at runtime. Use ignoreDependencies` for these cases.
• Side-effect imports (e.g., import "./polyfill") are tracked, but reflection-heavy code (DI containers that instantiate via string names) requires manual ignore entries.

References

• Knip docs - install, entry/project config, framework plugins
• Knip plugins page - full plugin list (Next.js, Remix, Astro, Storybook, Vite, etc.)